Fluid supply apparatus for burners



Dec. 24, 19%. W, H, E LANC Y v 2,413,035

FLUID SUPPLY APPARATUS FOR BURNERS Filed Sept. 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 1INVENTOR w. H. DE LANCEY ,4

FLUID SUPPLY APPARATUS FOR BURNERS Filed Sept. 16, 194-4 5 Sheets-Sheet2 ec. 24, 1946- w. H. DE LANCEY FLUID SUPPLY APPARATUS FOR BURNERS FiledSept. 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR I Mmewlltfilcn B 64 v ATTORNEYSDec. 24, 1946. w. H. DE LANVCEY v 2,4 ,0

FLUID SUPPLY APPARATUS FOR BURNERS Filed Sept. 16, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 4ATT/GRNEYS Dec. 24, 1946. w. H. DE LANCEY FLUID SUPPLY APPARATUS FORBURNERS 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 16,

INVENTOR M0 n/Zflrlnwzr BY v-Zul ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 24, 1946 FLUIDSUPPLY APPARATUS Foa BURNERS Warren H. De Lancey, Springfield, Mass.,assignor to Gilbert & Barker Manufacturing Company, West Springfield,Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application September 16, 1944,Serial No. 554,367

Claims. 1

This invention relates to improvements in ap- Daratus for supplyingfluids, such as air and oil, to an oil burner, such for example as anairatomizing burner to which both primary and secondary air must besupplied aswell as fuel.

The invention, while capable of other applications, is primarilydesigned to supply small-size burners, such for example as those usedwith hot water heaters, where oil is consumed at very low varied whilethe oil pump is in operation.

The invention has for one object the provision of an oil-supplyingmeans, together with a cutoff valve; an air pump of the positivedisplacement type, having a by-pass and a valve controlling the same;and means actuated by pressure of the pumped air for opening the oilvalve when the Dumped air reaches a predetermined pressure andsubsequently opening the by-pass valve when said pressure is exceeded,

The invention has for another object the provision in a single unit ofan air pump, an oil pump with means for varying its capacity, anairpressure-control valve, and an oil cut-off valve actuated by theair-pressure-control valve.

The invention has for another object to provide an electrically drivenapparatus of the class described, mounted in the casing of the drivingmotor and including a fan for supplying primary air to the burner aswell as positive displacement pumps, one for supplying the secondary airand one for supplying oil to the burner, together with the necessarycontrol valves and accessories for said pumps.

The invention has for a further object the provision in apparatus of thetype described of various structural features which contribute to acompact arrangement of all the necessary parts in a very small space.

The invention will be disclosed with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- Fig. 1 is a sectional elevational view of thecomplete apparatus for supplying air and oil to an oil burner; f

Figs. 2, 3 and 4 are cross sectional views taken on the lines 22, 3--3and 4-4, respectively, of Fig.1?

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional elevational view of the oil pump shownin Fig. 1 but drawn to a larger scale;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on theline 5-5 of Fig.5;

Fig. '7 is an enlarged fragmentary end view taken from the right handend of Fig. 5;

, Figs. 8 and 9 are fragmentary sectional views taken on the lines 8-8and 9-9, respectively, of i 4:

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line Ill--I 0 ofFig. 2; 1

Fig. 11 is a small scale elevational view, showing in more or lessconventional form, the air and oil supply apparatus mounted on an oilburner;

Fig, 12 is a much enlarged sectional elevational view of the atomizingnozzle of the burner; and

Fig. 13 is a much enlarged cross sectional view taken on the line I3-|3of Fig. 12.

Referring to these drawings and first to Fig. 1 thereof, the apparatusincludes a positively-acting displacement pump I for supplying primaryair to the burner, a variable-capacity positivelyacting displacementpump 2 for supplying oil to the burner and a fan 3 for supplyingsecondary air to the burner. Both pumps I and 2 and the fan 3 are drivenby an electric motor, of which the stator laminations are indicated at4, the sta tor winding at 5, the rotor laminations at 6, the rotorspindle at I, as fixed to laminations 6, and

the rotor shaft at 8 as fixed to the spindle 1. The' motor has acylindrical casing 9 to which are suitably fixed, as by the bolts I 0(Figs. 1 and 2), inner and outer end plates II and I2, respectively.

The inner end plate I I is secured, as by cap screws I3, to the fanhousing II of the oil burner, The end plate II rotatably supports in anysuitable way the motor shaft 8 and on one end of the latter the fan 3 isfixed, as indicated.

The end member I2 serves to support both pumps I and '2, the air filter,the air-pump bypass valve, the oil valve and all the necessary passagesand conduits which are associated with these elements. The member I2 hasa sleeve bearing I5, located coaxially thereof and rotatably supportingthe inner end IB of the air pump driving shaft IT. The shaft end I5extends through member I2 and has its inner endsuitably coupled to themotor shaft.

As indicated herein, the coupling is of the speed-responsive type,having a drum I8 fixed to shaft end I5; and a pair of weight segmentsI9,

each pivoted on a stud 20, fixed to a flange of spindle 1. The weightsare drawn inwardly by springs 2| and held thereby out of contact withthe inner periphery of drum [8. When the motor attains a predeterminedspeed, the segments I9 will be thrown outwardly by centrifugal force toengage the inner periphery of drum I8 and drive the same and shaft I1,The speed-responsive coupling has been indicated merely in conventionalform herein. It may be of any suitable and well known form, One suitableform is shown in my copending patent application, Serial No. 452,019,filed July 23, 1942, patented December 5, 1944, No. 2,364,132.

The air pump is best shown in Figs. 1 and 3. A

deep cylindrical recess is formed in the outer face of end member |2 toreceive a sleeve 22 which forms the liner for the pump chamber and whichis cylindrical but located eccentrically of the pump shaft H. The outerend of the pump chamber is closed by a member 23 secured to member l2 bya plurality of cap screws 24. This member 23 has a sleeve bearing 25 forthe outer end 26 of shaft l1. The pump rotor 21 is cylindrical with acircular series of angularly-spaced and longitudinally-disposed slots 28in its periphery to receive one in each, blades 29, which are radiallyslidable in the slots and the outer edges of which engage the innerperipheral wall of member 22. The ends of the blades and the ends of therotor engage the end walls of the pump chamber. The end faces of therotor 21 havecylindrical recesses 21, one in each, to receive rings 36.The ends of each blade 29 rest on the outer peripheral surfaces of theserings and are thereby held with the outer edge of each in contact withthe inner peripheral surface of member 22. Inlet and outlet ports 3| and32, respectively, are formed as arcuate grooves in the inner end wall ofthe pump chamber formed by member l2. Air enters the spaces betweenpairs of successive blades from port 3| and is carrieddn acounterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 3 and discharged into theport 32. This particular pump construction is one which is old and wellknown in the art. Further description of it is therefore deemedunnecessary. The particular form of pump illustrated is not essential tothe invention and is given merely by way of illustrative example of oneof many types of displacement pumps suitable for the purpose.

Air is admitted to port 3| by means of a passage 33 in end member l2.This passage connects with one end of a cylindrical recess 34 formed inthe inner face of member l2. Closely fitted into this chamber is asuitable filter, herein shown as a felt 35 mounted between two wirescreens 36. This filter is held in place by a snap ring 31, engaged in agroove in the peripheral wall of recess 34, or in any other suitableway. Air reaches the filter from the air inlet 36 of the fan housing I4,through holes, such as 39, in end member II and some of the unusedslots, such as 40, in the stator laminations, as will be clear from Fig.1.

The air ump outlet port 32 is connected by a passage 4| (Fig. 1D) to theinner end of a cylinder 42 which is formed in the inner face of endmember l2 as best shown in Fig.1. Also connected with the inner end ofcylinder 42 is a passage 43 (Fig. 2) which connects with a tapped hole44,

adapted to be connected to the air inlet 01' the air-v atomizing nozzleof the oil burner. Slidably mounted in cylinder 42 is a piston 46,yieldingly held in the illustrated and extreme inner position by meansof a spring 46. This spring has a seat in the center of a cross bar 41which diametricalmember 52.

1y spans the outer end of cylinder 42 and is secured at its ends, as byscrews 48, to member l2. The spring 46, acting between bar 41 and piston45, holds the piston in the extreme inner position shown leaving a spacewith which both of the passages 4| and 42 are constantly incommunication.

The piston 45 is movable to theleft (as viewed in Fig. 1) when the airpump has built up sufficient pressure to properly atomize the oil. Thispiston operates an air by-passvalve and an oil inlet valve as will laterbe described in detail.

The end member l2 has a circular flange 49, grooved to receive a packingring 50 of rubber or the like. A cup-shaped, pressed-metal cover 6| hasits inner end partially telescoping flange 46 and its inner peripheryengaged by ring'SO to close liquid-tight the joint between the cover andThe cover is fastened in a manner later to be described. This member andthe cover have flanges 52 and 53, respectively, to support a filterscreen 54, which encompasses the oil pump 2. The end member |2 (Fig. 8)has a tapped hole 55 adapted for pipe connection to an oil supply tank.This tapped hole is connected by a passage 56 to the annular space 51between the cover 5| and screen 54. Within the screen lies the oil pumpsurrounded by an oil chamber 58.

Th oil pump has a valve-controlled inlet passage best shown in Fig. 1. Aradial passage 63 leads from the lower part of chamber 58 radiallyupward into the inner end of a cylindrical recess 60 formed in theoil-pump-housing member 23, above described. Threaded into and closingthe outer end of this recess is a hollow bushing 6|, having a centraloil inlet opening 62. The latter communicates with one end of a radialgroove 63 formed in the inner face of an end plate 64, which is securedwith member 23 to member II by the cap screws 24, above described. Theother end of groove 63 communicates with a slantin passage 65 in member23 leading to the pump inlet port 66.

A needle valve 61 controls the oil passage 62. A spring 68, coiledaround the stem of this valve, acts between bushing 6| and a snap ring63, mounted in a groove in the stem, tending to open the valve. Thelatter is initially held closed against the force of spring 68 by thedescribed piston 45. Formed in the inner end face of housing member 23is a tapped hole 10. Set into this hole is a bellows 1|, the flange ofwhich is clamped to the base of hole 10 by an annular nut 12. The stemof valve 61 extends into the interior of bellows 1| and engages theclosed end wall of the same. Leakage of oil around the stem of valve 61is prevented by the bellows. Formed in the member l2 coaxially of valve61 and communicating with chamber 10 is a passage 13 and a slightlysmaller passage 14. V The described piston 46 has a stem portion 15which is of large diameter and hollow to receive the piston spring 46and a smaller portion 16 which bears on the end wall of bellows 1| andholds the oil valve closed. As soon as the air pump has built upsufllclent pressure, the piston 45 will be moved by the pressure of thepumped air, moving stem 16-13 to the left as viewed in Fig. 1 andallowing oil valve 31 to open. When the piston has been moved to theleft as far as possible, the end of stem portion 16 will have drawn awayfrom the end of bellows 1|. Movement 01 the oil valve and the bellows islimited by the abutment of snap ring 63 with the auaose a greaterdistance (until it abuts cross bar 41) as will be clear from Fig. 1. a

The by-pass for the air pump consists of the passage M at all times incommunication with the cylinder 42 and thus with the pressure side ofthe air pump; a diametrical hole 11 in the portion 16 of the stem ofpiston 45; an axial hole I8 in the portionTG; the passage 13; thechamber 70 and a groove I9 in the inner end face of member 23, whichgroove opens into the chamber of the air pump. The stem portion 16 actsas a valve to control this by-pass, its end face whenengaged with thebellows, closing hole 78. A suitable seal to, pressed into the hole Itand seated against the shoulder formed at the intersection, of holes isand 1d, slidably receives stem portion is and prevents communicationbetween holes i3 and it except by way of holes ii and it. It

will be clear that when the pump has built up sumcient air pressure, theby-pass will open and enable excess air to merely circulate idly throughthe pump. The air pump has a capacity in excess of its requirements.That is, the one pump must have a capacity large enough to supplyburners of widely varying sizes and thus a lay-pass is necessary to takecare of air not needed for the burner.

The oil pump includes a cup-shaped rotor iii, the end wall of which isfixed to the portion 26 of the pump drive shaft. This rotor is mountedin and coaxially oia cylindrical chamber formed extends longitudinallythrough member 23 and a substantial distance into end plate I! where itconnects with .a radial pass ge 98, leading to a tapped hole 88 in platel2. This hole 89 is adapted. to receive the oil pipe leading to thenozzle 01' the oil burner.

The described adjusting stem 88 otthe oil a pump is rotatably mounted ina centrally disin housing member 23 and closed by end plate o l. A holeextends diametrically through the annular wall of the rotor, forming twocylinders @2. A single rod .83 extends diametrically of the rotor and isslidably engaged as a, piston in each cylinder 82. Fixed to the rod 83at a location centrally between its ends is a cylindrical member whichlies within the open, cup like end of the rotor and may, by adjustment,be positioned eccentrically or coaxially of the rotor. in the uter endface of the member 86 is a diametrlcal slot 85 which slidably receives asquare block Engaged in this block is a round pin 9? which is fixedeccentrically of and on the inner end of a stem 8%. In Fig. 6, 89indicates the axis of rotation of stem 38. By turning the stemcounterclockwise as viewed in Figs. 6 and 7 by means of the handle soprovided on the stem, the axis of pin lilmay be moved from its positionor maximum eccentricity shown'in Fig. '5 until its axis 99 coincideswith the axis d2 of the pump rotor ti. Thus, the capacity or the pumpmay be varied from a maximum to zero by increments as small as desired.A stop pin 98 (Fig. 7) limits the movement of handle til by abutmentwith shoulders 9d on the handle to the limits described. As the rotor 8irotates countel-clockwise as viewed in Fig. 6, the outer end of one ofthe cylinders 82 (the upper one) will communicate with the pump inletport 88. This is an arcuate groove which is formed in member 28 inencompassing relation with the pump rotor Si. As the rotor turns theupper cylinder d2 draws out from its piston, creating a partial vacuumto draw in oil and fill the cylinder. Meanwhile, the other cylinderwhich had previously been filled, is brought into communication with theoutlet port 95, which is formed similarly to port 86 but on the oppositeside of the rotor. As the rotor turns, the lower cylinder moves in onits piston to force out the oil into the outlet port 95.

The outlet port 95 is connected by a radial passage 98 (Fig. 9) to oneend of a passage 91 which posed hub I" on the end plate 6| of the oilpump 2. The outer end 01' this hub is threaded to receive a flangedannular nut iili which serves to hold the described cover Si in place.The cover has an interior hollow hub m2 which encompasses the hub EM andwhich is drawn tightly against the outer end face of end plate 66 by nutiill to avoid leakage from chamber 58. The inner portion of hub i100 hasan annular groove to receive a packing ring W3 of rubber or the like tostill further prevent leakage from the chamber. The hub lot has aninternal groove to receive a smaller packing ring iiltl of rubber or theliire which tightly engages stem so to prevent leakage or" oil along thestern. This stem 8%? is held against axial displacement by the handle soengaging the outer end face of huh we and by a. snap ring 865, mountedin a groove in stem 83, engaging the inner end face of the hub.

The described stop pin 93 is fixed in the outer end of hub :08.

The nut it! in its inner end has a circumferential groove in which isfixed a snap ring m6. The purpose or this ring is to enable the cover 5!which sticks tightly in place because of the packing rings bi] and its,to be positively pulled off when nut iti is unscrewed, the snap ringabutting the shoulder it? on the cover for this purpose. This avoids thenecessity for the use of prying tools, such as screw drivers or chisels,and the possible damage incident to their use.

In the use of the invention in connection with an oil burner of theair-atomizing type, the fan 3 supplies air from its housing It into oneend of a tube m8 (Fig. 11), in the outlet of which is arranged a. bodywill, carrying the nozzle till. The air and oil discharge ports as and95 of the supply unit are respectively connected by pipes iii and M2 topassages H3 and lid (Fig.12) in the body We. Fastened to the forward endof the body we as by a cap H5, screwed on to the body, is a nozzle bodyil,'havlng a frustoconical outer end and a member iii, having acomplementary shaped part to engage said end and having the nozzleorifice lid. The nozzle body H6 has a central oil discharge passage H8communicating directly with passage Ht.

Formed between the abutting end of the bodies IE8 and H6 is an annularpassage H9, receiving air from passage lit and discharging it throughtwo longitudinal passages I20 in body He. The passages H8 connect onewith each of two slots i2! (Fig. 13), the inner ends of which opentangentially into a whirl chamber I22, formed between the matingfrusto-conical parts lit and H'HFig. l2) and surrounding thefrusto-conical end of the oil nozzle. Air entering through slots i2i iswhirled around in chamber i22 and issues from nozzle are in a whirlingstream, surrounding the oil stream.

In operation-on a call for heat from the burner, the electric motor isstarted in any suitable way, usually automatically in response to athermostat. The fan 3 is driven with the motor and is first broughtwellup towards its maximum speed before the speed-responsive couplingoperates to connect the pump and motorshafts i1 and 8 and drive the oiland air pumps 2 and i, respectively. This allows time for the scavengingof the air tube I08, the combustion chamber to which it delivers, andthe several passes and fines of the heating apparatus. Secondary air, ata sufficient rate to secure good combustion, is available at the burnernozzle before the pumps .l and 2 are started. Even then actuation of theoil pump 2 is inefiective until the air-pump i has first built up thenecessary pressure to insure a supply of primary air at the necessaryrate to the atomizing nozzle. Then, the oil valve 61 opens to allow flowof oil to the nozzle. On stopping of the burner, the electric motor isdeenergized and, after its speed diminishes to a certain point, thespeed-responsive coupling disconnects pumps I and 2, whereby the oilflow will be quickly out off by the drop in pressure of the primary air.The flow of oil to the burner nozzle is thus stopped ahead of the flowof primary air to avoid poor combustion. The fan 3 continues inoperation after both pumps i and 2 have stopped in order to scavenge theburner.

It will be noted that the size of theair passages in the atomizingnozzle will determine the rate of air flow when the predeterminedpressure of air has been established by the pump i. Then, and only thenwill flow of oil to the burner be permitted. The oil rate isconveniently regulable, even while the pump is in operation, by means ofthe member 90. The latter is located outside the casing 5| whichencloses all the rest of the apparatus and maybe turned by as small inThe invention provides a compact arrangement of parts enabling bothpumps together with the necessary valves, a screen, a filter, controlsand conduits to be provided on the end plate of the driving motor withina casing, forming an oil supply chamber. The arrangement of the chambers34 and 42, either or both, inone side of the end plate or body member i2and the air-pump chamber in the other side of the member is thought tobe important. The filter and air pressure chambers 34 and 42 arearranged on opposite sides of the bearing i5 and in closely adjacentrelation therewith. These chambers 34 and 42 have end walls which eachoverlap input the air-pump chamber and the passages 33 and 4iareprovided through the overlapping portions of the adjacent end walls ofthe chambers... The filter and'pressure chambers lie between thesame twotransverse planes. One of these planes coincides with a plane in whichone end of bearing i5 is located and the other of which lies between thetwo planes in which the ends of bearing I5 are located.' The inlet andoutlet passages 3i and 4| of the air pump may thus be made very shortand straight. The by-pass for the air pump is also madeas short aspossible by extending it along, and closely adjacent, the periphery ofthe air pump I from the pressure chamber 42 to the more remote end wallof the air pump. Also, both the air by-pass valve 18 and oil cut-citvalve 61 are located in coaxial relation with the movable wall or piston45 of the pressure control device. Radially, all parts are kept withinthe limits of the motor casing 9 and axially, the parts are kept withinreasonably small limits in view of the provision of two pumps and twocontrol valves and the rate-varying-means for the oil pump.

I claim:

1. In apparatus of the class described, a body member having -in one enda cylindrical pump chamber with an inlet and an outlet conduit thereforand in the other end a coaxial bearing, a pump rotor in said chamber, ashaft in said bearing for driving said rotor, said member also havingbetween the second end and said pump chamber a cylindrical chamber withone end wall thereof in parallel closely-adjacent and partiallyoverlapping relation with the adjacent end wall of the pump chamber oneof said conduits interconnecting said chambers through the overlappingportions of said adjacent end walls.

2. In apparatus of the class described, a body member having in one enda cylindrical pump chamber with an inlet and an outlet conduit thereforand in the other end a coaxial bearing, a pump rotor in said chamber, ashaft in said bearing for driving said rotor, said member also havingbetween the second end and said chamber a cylindrical chamber with oneend wall thereof in parallel closely-adjacent and partially overlappingrelation with the adjacent end wall of the pump chamber, a filter forair mounted in the second chamber, said inlet conduit interconnectingsaid chambers through the overlapping portions of said adjacent endfaces for the delivery of filtered air into the pump chamber.

3. In apparatus of the class described, a body member having in one enda cylindrical pump chamber with an inlet and an outlet conduit thereforand in the other end a coaxial bearing, a pump rotor in said chamber, ashaft in said bearing for driving said rotor, said member also havingbetween the second end and said pump chamber a cylindrical chamber withone end wall thereof in parallel closely-adjacent and partiallyoverlapping relation with the adjacent end wall of the pump chamber, amovable wall mounted in thesecond chamber and spaced from said end wallthereof, the outlet conduit for the pump interconnecting said chambersthrough the overlapping portions of said adjacent end walls, said memberhaving a by-pass interconnecting the second chamber and the inlet of thepump chamber, a valve controlling said by-pass and connected to beactuated by said movable wall, and yieldable means tending to move themovable wall toward said end face of the second chamber in opposition tothe pressure of the pumped air.

4. In apparatus of the class described, a body member having in one enda cylindrical pump chamber with an inlet and an outlet conduit thereforand in the other end a coaxial bearing, a pump rotor in said chamber, ashaft in said bearing for driving said rotor, said member also havingbetween the second end and said chamber a cylindrical chamber with oneend wall thereof in parallel closely-adjacent and partially overlappingrelation with the adjacent wall of the pump chamber, a movable wallmounted in the second chamber, yieldable means tending to move saidmovable wall toward said end wall of the second chamber, said inletconduit interconnecting said chambers through the overlapping portionsof said adjacent end walls,

' whereby said movable wall may be moved by the pressure of the pumpedair, said member having an outlet from said second chamber for thepumped air and a by-pass from the second chamber extending parallel withthe axis of the pump chamber and closely adjacent the periphery thereofand entering the other end wall of the pump chamber, and a valvecontrolling said bypas; and actuated by movement of said movable wa 9 5.In combination, an electric motor including a casing, end plates andarotor shaft; 9. ion

housing connected to one end plate, the latter having an openinginterconnecting said howing and the interior of the motor casing, aim insaid housing on one end of said shaft, an air pump chamber in the outerface of the other end plate, a pump rotor in said chamber and 10 coupledto said shaft. the last-named end plate having an outlet for said pumpchamber and in

